LSAT- Section 4: Test 1

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LSAT- Section 4: Test 1

Justice August 20, 2017

LSAT- Section 4: Test 1

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Question 1 of 12

1. Question
Vice President: Impression is everything. We need to promote a powerful and memorable corporate brand image at all times. Acme Corporation must spare no expense in this endeavor, including wining and dining our top-tier clients at expensive restaurants when negotiating business deals.

CFO: I understand the need to promote a positive corporate brand image, but I have trouble seeing how your approach will prove effective in all cases. Wining and dining may work for some clients, but what about those that don’t even drink wine?

Which of the following best explains how Acme’s CFO failed to correctly understand the comments made by the vice president?
- A. Acme’s CFO allowed personal issues between the Vice President and him to affect his ability to objectively reply to his ideas.
- B. Acme’s CFO refuses to take the issue of creating a positive corporate brand image seriously.
- C. Acme’s CFO made a literal interpretation of the Vice President’s conversational expression, thus losing sight of the underlying intent of his comments.
- D. Acme’s CFO does not condone drinking alcohol during normal office hours and failed to take the vice president’s request seriously.
- E. Acme’s CFO allowed his frugal nature to prevent him from thinking clearly about expense related issues.
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Question 2 of 12

2. Question
There has long been a sizable hippo population in Africa, which has a climate and environmental conditions favorable to the large mammal. However, in the last few years there has been a significant decrease in the hippo population. Scientists who specialize in the various wildlife species that call Africa home have speculated that this is due to the proliferation of the crocodile, which also populate the African landscape, and which have become more aggressive in their dealings with their hippo neighbors.

Which of the following explanations, assuming it is true, provides the most effective counterargument to the scientists’ theories in the passage?
- A. The gestation period for the hippo is approximately eight months, which is must shorter than that of other large mammals, such as the rhinoceros.
- B. The hippo’s diet is largely vegetarian, and the African landscape is full of edible vegetation.
- C. Hippos are present at most zoos, where visitors can observe them in an approximation of their natural habitat.
- D. Hippos and crocodiles have a contentious relationship, and it is not uncommon for a crocodile to sneak up on a hippo and devour it.
- E. In recent years, the encroachment by humans on the hippo’s living space has proven to be a significant threat to the livelihood of this mammal.
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Question 3 of 12

3. Question

After admitting his guilt, the defendant’s apology to the family he had robbed seemed ________; he said that although he knows what he did was wrong, the victims were partially to blame for leaving their window unlocked.

Which of the following words best completes the passage in the context to which the author most likely intended?

A. heartfelt
B. hopeful
C. mundane
D. disingenuous
E. logical

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Question 4 of 12

4. Question

Jenna: Mr. Chalmers is undoubtedly the toughest teacher in the entire school. His physics exams are always the hardest!

Brian: Why would you say that? It’s probably just because you got the lowest grade in the class on Mr. Chalmers’ final exam.

Which of the following statements, if true, would strengthen Jenna’s assertion most?

A. Jenna did poorly on her biology exam.
B. The entire class received a failing grade on Mr. Chalmers’ final exam.
C. Brian got the second lowest grade in the class on Mr. Chalmers’ final exam.
D. Jenna’s favorite class is comparative literature.
E. Brian was absent on the day of the final and had to take a make-up exam.

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Question 5 of 12

5. Question

Some education experts have claimed that most public education teachers in the United States fail to provide an educationally challenging environment for some students, and as a result they aren’t sufficiently stimulated, are bored, and lack the focus needed to perform well in the classroom. However, there are also experts who claim that if teachers create a classroom atmosphere that’s too educationally challenging, then some students may feel overwhelmed and give up. Thus, it’s clear that no student will ever achieve true educational success if they are a product of a public education in the United States.

The passage above contains a flaw in reasoning. Which of the following best captures the mistake in reasoning that occurs in the passage?

A. It fails to include key information regarding the state of public education in other industrialized nations.
B. It does not mention the challenges that school principals and administrators face when trying to create positive learning environments for students.
C. It is clearly biased towards the merits of a private school education.
D. It mistakenly assumes the existence of only one possible conclusion based on the information provided.
E. It mistakenly interprets the role of teachers in the public school classroom.

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Question 6 of 12

6. Question

Martin Miller is running for district president of the local chapter of the auto workers union. If he’s elected he will vote for the measure that includes increased medical insurance coverage. If the measure is approved, then Martin Miller will not have been elected district president. By an extremely close margin, Martin Miller was recently elected.

Which of the following can be properly concluded?

A. As district president, Martin Miller was instrumental in the approval of the medical insurance measure.
B. Once elected, Martin Miller decided to vote against the medical insurance measure, but it was narrowly approved.
C. Despite Martin Miller’s support for the medical insurance measure, it wasn’t approved.
D. The medical insurance measure was unanimously disapproved by the union.
E. The union members decided that their existing medical insurance coverage was sufficient, and the measure was dropped.

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Question 7 of 12

7. Question

Mindy was in the middle of her first major mountain climb and was in a tough position. It rained the night before and the mountain was still wet. On top of this, her climbing gloves were old and worn, leaving her grip on the slippery rocky surface _________ at best.

Which of the following words best completes the passage in the context to which the author most likely intended?

A. sturdy
B. tenuous
C. enthusiastic
D. dense
E. malleable

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Question 8 of 12

8. Question

Studies suggest that middle school students who refrain from eating junk food during lunch take less sick days during the school year. Even students who strictly limit their junk food intake to just one day a week miss less days of school than students who indulge in junk food on a daily basis. Therefore, if middle schools were to adopt a healthy eating program—removing all sources of junk food from their menus and offering only healthy options—school attendance rates would dramatically improve.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens this argument?

A. Students with regular healthy eating habits also earn higher average test scores.
B. Students with the poorest attendance rates are the least likely to adhere to a healthy eating plan.
C. Students who eat junk food on a regular basis often report having trouble focusing in the classroom.
D. Most parents are in support of schools transitioning to a healthy eating program.
E. Students who eat healthy meals during lunch generally eat slower than their junk-food-eating counterparts.

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Question 9 of 12

9. Question

Maura’s Dairy proudly declares that their milk is a great source of calcium. They recently purchased billboard space on which they claim that each 8 oz. serving of their milk contains more calcium than yogurt.

The billboard message developed by Maura’s Dairy is potentially misleading if which of the following are true?

A. Calcium is an important nutrient for most healthy adults.
B. Maura’s Dairy sells lots of other products—not just milk.
C. The milk at Maura’s Dairy is also a source of vitamin D.
D. There is more vitamin A than calcium in a serving of milk at Maura’s Dairy.
E. Maura’s Dairy is comparing 16 oz. of milk to a teaspoon of yogurt.

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Question 10 of 12

10. Question

The town’s legislators have unanimously decided to refrain from banning the use of cell phones while driving an automobile. There is a great deal of evidence that indicates that driving while using a cell phone creates a much higher risk of getting into an accident. By refusing to ban this behavior, the town’s legislators have decided to put the convenience of making phone calls at any time above the safety and welfare of its citizens. No doubt, the legislators would support the use of a blindfold or earplugs while operating a car as well.

The passage uses what argumentative strategy to make its case about the dangers of driving while using a cell phone?

A. arguing from direct observation
B. arguing from analogy
C. arguing by providing empirical fact
D. arguing from individual experience
E. arguing by not making an argument

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Question 11 of 12

11. Question

Andrew: It is widely accepted within the medical community that drinking alcohol for an extended period of time is most likely to harm an individual’s health and overall wellbeing.

Natalie: I completely disagree with your assertion. In fact, I have an uncle who drank bourbon every day of his adult life and he’s still going strong at age 84!

Which of the following highlights a significant flaw in Natalie’s counterargument?

A. Natalie makes an effort to refute Andrew’s likely conclusion by mentioning a single instance that runs counter to that conclusion.
B. Natalie lets her anger get the best of her and makes an unwarranted personal attack on Andrew.
C. Natalie misinterprets Andrew’s statement regarding the belief of the medical community regarding the effects of drinking alcohol.
D. Natalie confuses the effects of drinking alcohol with an individual’s level of personal happiness.
E. Natalie is more interested in saying good things about her uncle than stating her opinion regarding the effects of drinking alcohol.

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Question 12 of 12

12. Question

Bungee jumping has grown in popularity in recent years. There’s no denying that certain risk-taking individuals enjoy the thrill of this activity. Individuals who enjoy bungee jumping are also more likely to seek risk in other life endeavors compared with those who avoid attempting to bungee jump. Thus, bungee jumpers are more likely than others to be successful in endeavors where risk taking can result in beneficial consequences.

Assuming that the information in the passage is true, they lend the most support which of the following?

A. Bungee jumpers have a great deal of difficulty refraining from risk taking in all areas of their lives.
B. Those who have trouble summoning enough courage to engage in high-risk behaviors are often less successful than their risky counterparts.
C. Bungee jumping is the riskiest possible activity in which a thrill seeking individual could engage.
D. Individual risk taking in one activity indicates a likelihood of risk taking in other activities.
E. Some individuals who have never tried bungee jumping engage in far riskier activities in other areas of their lives, and are successful.

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